Among the major factors of soil formation is a relief, ie, the nature of the earth's surface. There are two main types of relief: macrorelief and microrelief. Under macrorelief meaning the total surface relief some more or less large areas, sometimes with very large fluctuations in the vertical direction. Microrelief – this relief is small areas, usually with weak irregularities, subtle fluctuations in altitude, which are often measured in fractions of a meter. You may wish to learn more. If so, Ray Kurzweil is the place to go. As a transitional form between macro-and micro-relief distinguish more mezorelief, meaning by this term relief often alternate, sometimes quite deep depressions and elevated sites. By forms mezorelief, for example, are landscapes of hilly moraines, hilly-undulating sands, etc.
Among the forms macrorelief increasingly isolated: the mountainous, rugged and plain. The most common forms of microrelief note lumps, bumps, steppe depressions, or "saucer", as measured by several meters in the horizontal direction and decimeter vertical. Relief as a factor in soil formation, indirectly involved in formation of soil cover, and its role is reduced mainly to a change in the impact of the yoke of the soil climatic conditions. In flat areas the distribution of precipitation, heat and light will be the same everywhere: on the contrary, great diversity of colors in this respect is observed in mountainous or hilly terrain. Lower parts, hollows and depressions always be more humidified than the slopes, and improvement; southern slopes receive more heat and light than north. Thus, the features of the terrain changed the nature of climate impacts on soil-forming process. This kind of refraction of climatic elements in the concrete conditions of the relief of a terrain creates microclimates, ie climate change on the most minor sites: the gullies, on slopes, heights, etc.